Share the QR code < / P > < p > with wechat scanning code to friends and circles of friends < / P > < p > < / P > < p > NASA plans to build a new generation of manned space station in lunar orbit, which is the gateway. The lunar space station allows astronauts to live in lunar orbit for one to three months, so that they can conduct scientific experiments in space far away from the earth for a long time; Support lunar missions; Even complete remote work such as remote control robot < p > this paper introduces the history, main components and possible future uses of yuemen program. At present, NASA plans to build the lunar space station and let astronauts in sometime in the 1920s, possibly to support the Artemis moon landing program. Artemis's original goal was to send astronauts to the moon in 2024. However, the NASA inspector general's office said in a report in August 2021 that this goal was "infeasible" due to the delay in the development of space suits < p > History of the moon gate program < / P > < p > for decades, NASA has been hoping to build a lunar space station, and the concept of the moon gate program can be traced back to at least about 2010. In 2012, NASA publicly discussed the idea of building a lunar station on the back of the moon - later known as deep space habitat. Around 2014 and 2015, NASA began to openly discuss the concept of "Earth Moon habitat", aiming to carry out longer manned space missions in the 1920s The name of the moon gate project has also changed several times. NASA mentioned the deep space gateway orbiting the moon in its 2017 document. In 2018, it was renamed the lunar orbital platform portal (lop-g) in the 2019 budget submitted by NASA. Today, NASA prefers to use the simpler term "moon gate program" < p > halo module (Northrop Grumman) < / P > < p > in 2019, NASA hired Northrop Grumman to build halo module for astronaut residence and logistics support for the lunar gate program. The halo module is designed based on the Cygnus cargo spacecraft that regularly transports equipment and supplies to the international space station. NASA chose Northrop Grumman because the company has made great progress in refitting the Cygnus cargo spacecraft into modules for astronauts' residence. In addition, the Cygnus cargo spacecraft is small enough to be launched by existing commercial launch vehicles, which greatly simplifies the development of the moon gate program < p > Northrop Grumman said that the halo module "allows four astronauts to stay for 30 days in the process of exploring the lunar surface and returning to the moon." Northrop Grumman obtained US $187 million in June 2020 to design the halo module in preparation for the preliminary design review completed in November of that year. The company then won a $935 million contract from NASA in July 2021 to complete the design and development of halo modules. The halo module is scheduled to arrive in lunar orbit by SpaceX's Falcon heavy rocket in 2024 < p > power and propulsion module (maxar technologies) < / P > < p > the power and propulsion module of the lunar gate program is based on the relevant propeller research work in NASA's asteroid redirection program. This plan was cancelled in 2017, but the propeller design was recycled. In May 2019, NASA selected maxar technologies to build the power and propulsion module of the lunar gate program. According to NASA, the module is a solar electric propulsion device, which can run around the moon and can also be used for a trip to Mars < p > maxar technologies completed the system requirements review of power and propulsion modules in 2019 and passed two other key reviews in early 2021. The power and propulsion module is expected to go to lunar orbit with halo module in 2024 < p > manipulator canadarm3 (MDA) < / P > < p > the Canadian Space Agency announced in May 2019 that it would provide a new generation of manipulator named canadarm3 to the moon gate program, which was developed on the basis of the manipulator used by the space shuttle and the international space station. The canadarm3 manipulator design incorporates some machine learning, so that the manipulator can maintain and supervise the operation of the space station during astronauts' missions, because the lunar space station will always be empty. In exchange, NASA promised to send a Canadian astronaut to the Artemis program's first lunar orbital mission in 2020 < p > in 2019, Canada promised to invest C $2.05 billion in the canadarm3 manipulator and the lunar exploration accelerator program (LEAP) within 24 years, which was about US $1.56 billion at that time. Leap aims to encourage enterprises to use technologies such as robotics, health and artificial intelligence for lunar missions. MDA company of Canada has won a series of contracts related to canadarm3 manipulator. The most recently finalized contract is that MDA will obtain USD 35.3 million in July 2021 for preliminary and detailed design of manipulator interface < p > SpaceX < / P > < p > in August 2019, NASA publicly solicited opinions and asked companies to put forward suggestions on how to develop spacecraft to transport goods to the lunar space station. Similar to the cargo spacecraft used by the international space station, the yuemen plan cargo spacecraft will be launched by a commercial rocket and will be able to stay at the lunar space station for up to six months < p > in March 2020, SpaceX was identified as the freight service provider of the yuemen plan, using the new generation dragon spacecraft to provide freight services. At present, dragon spacecraft is one of the main supply ships of the international space station. SpaceX representatives said that the new spacecraft, called Dragon XL, would be able to carry more than 5.5 tons of cargo to the lunar space station. NASA said at that time that it might choose other companies to join SpaceX to provide resupply services for the lunar space station, but the total value of all contracts would not exceed $7 billion < p > manned spacecraft (Lockheed Martin) < / P > < p > the first manned space mission of the lunar gate program may be carried out by the Orion spacecraft developed by Lockheed Martin, but other manned spacecraft may also go to the lunar space station in the next few years. The Orion spacecraft was developed earlier than Artemis, and even earlier than several programs that NASA has cancelled, including NASA's Constellation program to send humans to the moon and Mars < p > on December 5, 2014, "Orion" spacecraft successfully carried out the flight test called "exploration flight TEST-1" (eft-1), and the spacecraft successfully reached high earth orbit. The next flight plan of Orion spacecraft is Artemis 1, which was originally planned to be launched at the end of 2021. This mission has been postponed several times since 2017 due to problems with NASA's giant rocket space launch system (SLS). Orion ?
2023-03-22 10:04:43