Wechat scan QR code < / P > < p > share with friends and circle of friends < / P > < p > Beijing News Express according to the official website of the National Space Science Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the National Space Science Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences issued an obituary on June 28, academician of the Chinese Academy of engineering, one of the main advocates of China's remote sensing technology and the main pioneer of microwave remote sensing technology Jiang Jingshan, researcher and doctoral supervisor of the National Center for space science of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, died in Beijing at 14:00 p.m. on June 27, 2021 due to invalid medical treatment. He was 85 years old < p > interview before his death: < / P > < p > < p > < p > academician Jiang Jingshan: China's Mars exploration has achieved three steps and one step, which is the world's first He is also one of the main promoters, organizers and leaders of China's manned space project and lunar exploration project. The main pioneer of microwave remote sensing in China < p > are there any signs of life on Mars? What is the ecological environment like on Mars? Is it possible for Mars to become a new continent and home opened up and settled by human beings in the vast universe < p > since the first probe was launched to Mars more than 60 years ago, people are full of curiosity about this earth like star. So far, 44 Mars explorations have been carried out, but the knowledge of this planet is still very limited This time, tianwen-1, the first Mars probe in Chinese history, will be launched in Wenchang, Hainan Province on July 23. Through their own scientific and technological actions, the Chinese people are trying to directly uncover the secrets of Mars < p > so far, the former Soviet Union, the United States, the European Union and Japan have successively launched the Mars probe, and India has also successfully launched the probe < p > "this is the first time for us Chinese to go to Mars. We must make a leap forward and jump directly to the first square of international Mars exploration." Jiang Jingshan, academician of the Chinese Academy of engineering and member of the Expert Committee for the demonstration of the implementation plan of the major deep space exploration projects of the State Administration of science, technology and industry for national defense, told Netease science and technology's "master of science" reporter that China's Mars exploration is decades later than that of the former Soviet Union and the United States, and this action must have its own innovative highlights. The bright spot is that China no longer takes three steps like lunar exploration: circling the moon, landing and inspection. Instead, it takes three steps at the same time as soon as it comes up. Circling Mars, landing and inspection are all listed as the objectives of a mission < p > academician Jiang Jingshan is a senior scientist in the field of China's space science and technology. He once served as the deputy chief designer of the first phase of China's lunar exploration project, and is also one of the organizers and leaders of China's manned space application project. During this Mars exploration, the National Space Science Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, where he works, undertook the research task of scientific objectives and payload configuration < p > according to Jiang Jingshan, while China is pushing ahead with its lunar exploration program, experts have been pushing forward China's own independent Mars exploration program before 2012. This time, the exploration program integrating orbiter, lander and Rover is also an early idea. In January 2016, the plan was officially approved by the state < p > Mars is at least 55 million km away from the earth, which is much larger than 380000 km between the earth and the moon. Mars is also orbiting the sun, which means that it is much more difficult to go from earth to Mars than to explore the moon. But Jiang Jingshan, who has personally experienced the two major projects of manned spaceflight and lunar exploration, believes that the once-every-two-year Mars solar impact (Mars is the closest to the earth) is a great opportunity to launch a probe. At present, this month is the launch window of the Mars probe. The spacecraft launched from the earth can reach Mars in the shortest time and with the least fuel, and can not be missed < p > the old astronaut admits that the process of going to Mars is very difficult, and many difficulties need to be overcome. However, China has made full preparations and experiments in advance, and is not fighting an unprepared war. He is also looking forward to the success of the Chinese probe to Mars < p > 1. "Mars exploration, China is ready for everything" < / P > < p > Master of Science: our probe flew from the earth to Mars for the first time. We are more concerned about how well we prepared in advance and how sure we are technically < p > JIANG Jingshan: to fly to Mars, we have to go through three gravity fields, one is the earth's gravity field. Our spacecraft will leave the earth's orbit, then enter the gravity field of the sun, then enter the orbit of Mars, enter the gravity field of Mars, and be captured by Mars. This is much more difficult than flying to the moon, because the moon itself is within the earth's gravity field, and it is the earth's satellite < p > one of the main reasons why the United States and the former Soviet Union failed many times before is that the spacecraft did not slow down and brake when it arrived at Mars, and was not captured by Mars orbit, so it missed and passed by, so this flight speed needs to be overcome < p > in how many kilometers, with what kind of brake deceleration to enter Mars orbit? After orbiting, how can we speed down to Mars many times? After entering the Mars orbit, further reduce the speed and altitude, and land 100 meters above the surface of Mars in the way of power and aerodynamics, hover, avoid obstacles, and find a suitable landing point. In other words, we have done a lot of key technology experiments for Mars exploration, which are very successful. The Chinese are more practical and stable < p > Master of Science: that is to say, our Chinese probe will use a special parachute to land on Mars this time Jiang Jingshan: because Mars has atmosphere, parachute is a good choice at the low end of the descent phase. So far, there have been two ways to land on Mars internationally. One is the way that the United States used to land on Mars by power and air power, which is also the way that China's "tianwen-1" will use. We are relatively mature in its technology < p > another way is the air bag method, which has been used in the United States before. When the detector and other equipment are wrapped in a special air bag and lowered to a certain level, it will fall down. When it touches the Mars ground, it will bounce up. After jumping for a certain distance, it will stop, open the air bag, and then it will contact Mars < p > we have mastered several techniques for landing on extraterrestrial < p > "master of science": when we explored the moon, the cycle was very long, first ?
2023-03-22 10:04:37